简介
高一时第一次接触了C++，心血来潮编了几个诸如推箱子、贪吃蛇、俄罗斯方块的小游戏。
觉得不过瘾，碰巧那会儿班里流行五子棋，便着手于编一个人机对战程序。
碍于编程知识不足，算法只用了判断、循环。借助easyx的图形库，它有了图形界面。
最终版本经调查测试，实力优于初学者，并能与中等水平者相抗衡。
（反正我被他阴了好多次，不知是该笑还是该哭(▼皿▼#) ）
基本思路
敌方每下一子，就在一个计数的矩阵里自己那格的四周（横竖撇捺四个方向，正负各延伸四格）加上个数值。这个加上的数值随与敌方所下子的距离而变。
不妨命名一个点的累积值为势，下子使周围势改变的效果为场。
己方下的子同理，但所给的场是反向的（即所增加的值为负值）。
用四个矩阵分别记录来自四个方向的场和相应积累的势，互不干扰。
最终己方落子的判断依据来源于所有方向的势的绝对值的总和，取绝对值的总和最大的点落子。
算法原理很简单，说白了就是赋值再取极值的贪心算法，但至于怎么赋值还是有点讲究的。
初始版本里采用了1-1-1-1赋值法（就是那个加上的值不随与上一落子的距离而变），并且没有加入四方向绝对值相加的机制，导致算法的最终行为很玄学。
它居然自动解锁了八卦阵技能，在连活三都不会防的情况下。（⊙_⊙）
升级版本采用了4-3-2-1赋值法，并延续到了最终版本。至此，它学会了如何防双三、三四等局面。
最终版本里又加入了遇四就堵的功能，但已经丧失了初始版本“两仪生四象，四象生八卦”的睿智。
废话讲完了，下面是代码
代码
#pragma comment(lib, "kernel32")
#pragma comment(lib, "user32")
#pragma comment(lib, "gdi32")
#pragma comment(lib, "winspool")
#pragma comment(lib, "comdlg32")
#pragma comment(lib, "advapi32")
#pragma comment(lib, "shell32")
#pragma comment(lib, "ole32")
#pragma comment(lib, "oleaut32")
#pragma comment(lib, "uuid")
#pragma comment(lib, "odbc32")
#pragma comment(lib, "odbccp32")
#include <graphics.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int plotform(int x)
{
return 25 * (x - 1) + 15;
}
int storgeform(int x)
{
return (x - 15) / 25 + 1;
}
class whom
{
public:
int value;//1 or -1
COLORREF color;//BLACK or WHITE
};
void changeplayer(whom& whom)
{
whom.value = whom.value*(-1);
if (whom.value == 1)
whom.color = BLACK;
else
whom.color = WHITE;
}
void drawmap(int map[][20])
{
int xwidth = 480, ywidth = 480;
initgraph(xwidth, ywidth);
setbkcolor(YELLOW);
cleardevice();
setlinecolor(LIGHTGRAY);
for (int i = 15; i <= ywidth - 15; i = i + 25)
line(15, i, xwidth - 15, i);
for (int j = 15; j <= xwidth - 15; j = j + 25)
line(j, 15, j, xwidth - 15);
setfillcolor(LIGHTGRAY);
for (int i = 4; i <= 16; i = i + 6)//both i & j are storgeform
{
for (int j = 4; j <= 16; j = j + 6)
{
solidcircle(plotform(i), plotform(j), 5);
}
}
}
void human(int& x, int& y, int&xq, int& yq, whom& whom, int map[][20])//both x & y are storgeform
{
MOUSEMSG a;
do
{
do
{
a = GetMouseMsg();
} while (a.mkLButton == 1);
do
{
a = GetMouseMsg();
} while (a.mkLButton == 0);
xq = x;
yq = y;
x = round(((double)a.x - 15) / 25) + 1;
y = round(((double)a.y - 15) / 25) + 1;
/*if (getpixel(plotform(x),plotform(y)) == LIGHTGRAY)
break;*/
if (map[x][y] == 0)
break;
} while (1);
}
void record(int x, int y, whom whom, int map[][20], int maprecord[][20][20])//for robot
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
{
int dx, dy;
switch (i)
{
case 1:dx = 1, dy = 0; break;
case 2:dx = 0, dy = 1; break;
case 3:dx = 1, dy = -1; break;
case 4:dx = 1, dy = 1; break;
}
for (int j = -4; j <= 4; j++)
{
if (1 <= x + dx * j&&x + dx * j <= 19 && 1 <= y + dy * j&&y + dy * j <= 19 && map[x + dx * j][y + dy * j] == 0)
{
maprecord[i][x + dx * j][y + dy * j] = maprecord[i][x + dx * j][y + dy * j] + whom.value*abs(5 - abs(j));
}
}
}
}
void chong4(int x, int y,whom whom, int map[][20],int coordinate[3])//map[x][y]==whom.value
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
{
int dx, dy;
switch (i)
{
case 1:dx = 1, dy = 0; break;
case 2:dx = 0, dy = 1; break;
case 3:dx = 1, dy = -1; break;
case 4:dx = 1, dy = 1; break;
}
int m = 0, n = 0, skip = 0;
coordinate[0] = 0;
coordinate[1] = -1;
coordinate[2] = -1;
for (int j = 1;; j++)
{
if (x + j * dx < 1 || x + j * dx>19 || y + j * dy < 1 || y + j * dy>19)
break;
if (map[x + j * dx][y + j * dy] == whom.value)
{
m = m + 1;
if (skip > 0)
skip++;
}
else if (skip == 0 && map[x + j * dx][y + j * dy] == 0)
{
skip = 1;
coordinate[1] = x + j * dx;
coordinate[2] = y + j * dy;
}
else if (skip > 1)
{
coordinate[0] = 1;
break;
}
else
break;
}
if (coordinate[0] == 1)
skip = 1;
else
skip = 0;
for (int j = -1;; j--)
{
if (x + j * dx < 1 || x + j * dx>19 || y + j * dy < 1 || y + j * dy>19)
break;
if (map[x + j * dx][y + j * dy] == whom.value)
{
n = n + 1;
if (skip > 0)
skip++;
}
else if (skip == 0 && map[x + j * dx][y + j * dy] == 0)
{
skip = 1;
coordinate[1] = x + j * dx;
coordinate[2] = y + j * dy;
}
else if (skip > 1)
{
coordinate[0] = 1;
break;
}
else
break;
}
if (m + n >= 3&&coordinate[1]!=-1)
{
coordinate[0] = 2;
settextcolor(whom.value == 1 ? RED : BLUE);//used for debug
outtextxy(plotform(coordinate[1]), plotform(coordinate[2]), 'x');
return;
}
}
}
void robot(int& x, int& y, int& xq, int& yq, whom& whom, int map[][20], int maprecord[][20][20])//both x & y are storgeform
{
int max = -1;
changeplayer(whom);
record(x, y, whom, map, maprecord);
changeplayer(whom);
int coordinate[3];
chong4(xq, yq, whom, map, coordinate);
if (coordinate[0] == 2)
{
xq = x;
yq = y;
x = coordinate[1];
y = coordinate[2];
record(x, y, whom, map, maprecord);
return;
}
changeplayer(whom);
chong4(x, y, whom, map, coordinate);
if (coordinate[0] == 2)
{
xq = x;
yq = y;
x = coordinate[1];
y = coordinate[2];
changeplayer(whom);
record(x, y, whom, map, maprecord);
return;
}
changeplayer(whom);
for (int i = 1; i <= 19; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= 19; j++)
{
if (map[i][j] == 0)
{
int potential[5];
for (int p = 1; p <= 4; p++)
{
potential[p] = maprecord[p][i][j];
if (abs(potential[p]) >= 5)
potential[p] = potential[p] * 2;
if (abs(potential[p]) >= 18)
potential[p] = potential[p] * 2;
}
int all = abs(potential[1]) + abs(potential[2]) + abs(potential[3]) + abs(potential[4]);
if (all > max)
{
max = all;
xq = x;
yq = y;
x = i;
y = j;
}
if (all == max && rand()%100 <= 60)
{
max = all;
xq = x;
yq = y;
x = i;
y = j;
}
}
}
}
record(x, y, whom, map, maprecord);
}
void drawpiece(int x, int y, whom& whom, int map[][20])//both x & y are storgeform
{
setfillcolor(whom.color);
solidcircle(plotform(x), plotform(y), 10);
map[x][y] = whom.value;
changeplayer(whom);
}
int main()
{
int map[20][20] = { 0 };
int maprecord[5][20][20] = { 0 };
whom whom;
whom.color = BLACK;
whom.value = 1;
int x, y, xq, yq;
drawmap(map);
do
{
if (whom.value == 1)
human(x, y,xq,yq, whom, map);
else
robot(x, y, xq, yq, whom, map, maprecord);
drawpiece(x, y, whom, map);
} while (1);
_getch();
closegraph();
}
图片
